Ain’t they a pair: Bullying and violence against women

Friday, November 23, 2012, was International Stand Up to Bullying Day, with activities in 25 countries.

November 25 was the International Day for the Elimination of Violence Against Women, a response of the world community to the assassination of three women in the Dominican Republic who dared to become politically active.

Numerous fact sheets provide chilling information about intimate violence, domestic assault, rape, and other atrocities against women by men who are bullies, men who use violence to prove they are “real men.”

Undeniably, being female is a risk factor for violence. So are being disabled, being gay or lesbian, or simply being a different color, religion or ethnicity than the dominant group in a society.

So is being male. Being male can put you at enormous risk of being sent off to wars or killed in myriad other ways by the small minority of people who wield power.

The major incidents of violence in the world are not so much men against women, Muslims against Jews, Jews against Muslims, Christians against non-Christians, or whites against blacks, as they are bullies against weaker opponents.

Bullies take lots of different forms. Disproportionate numbers can be found among the greedy elite who profit from wars and other forms of human misery. They can be found among the desperate and angry poor who cannot envision any alternatives to survival beyond using violence. They can be found in prisons and in the board offices of multinational corporations that sacrifice the well-being and lives of millions in order to increase their profits and their power.

Bullies can also be found among children who hurt pets, torment their siblings, and bully others with impunity. Let’s teach all of our children, as well as the adults in their communities, that bullying is not acceptable. Watch this video to see how bullying can be stopped at the grassroots–in this case by a couple of teenage boys.

Those boys started an anti-violence movement that has reached thousands. What else do you think can be done to stop violence?

Kathie Malley-Morrison, Professor of Psychology

Prosecuting the perpetrators (The Khmer Rouge genocide, Part 3)

[This is the third of four posts by Dr. Leakhena Nou on the legacy of the Khmer Rouge genocide.]

In the 21st century, efforts have been made to promote restorative justice and end the culture of impunity in Cambodia. For example, the Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia, a hybrid court drawing on U.N. and Cambodian legal teams, began prosecuting senior Khmer Rouge perpetrators in February 2009.

Killing Fields bones
Killing Fields bones of children in Cambodia. Photo by Oliver Spalt used under CC Attribution-Share Alike 2.5 Generic license.

In Case 001,  Kaing Guek Eav (alias Duch, former S-21 Chief Commandant), was convicted of war crimes and crimes against humanity (murder, enslavement, torture, and other inhumane acts). When Duch appealed the verdict,  the ECCC responded by handing down a sentence of life imprisonment without parole or further appeals.

Duch’s formal apology was disseminated to the public:

“May I be permitted to apologize to the survivors of the [Khmer Rouge] regime and also the loved ones of those who died brutally during the regime […] I know that the crimes I committed against the lives of those people, including women and children, are intolerably and unforgivably serious crimes. My plea is that you leave the door open for me to seek forgiveness.”

In your view, how should Cambodians and others respond to such an apology after a genocide?

Case 002 brings to trial four other senior leaders of the Khmer Rouge including Ieng Sary (former Minister of Foreign Affairs), and his wife Ieng Thirith (former Minister of Social Affairs).

Despite current legal initiatives to end the culture of impunity and deter violence, Cambodia remains plagued by chronic, multifaceted, and evolving social problems. These include

  • Human and sex trafficking and other related human rights abuses
  • High rates of unemployment, poverty, diseases, and domestic violence
  • Widening inequalities among social groups, and
  • Lack of access to adequate education, health, and social services.

 

These shortcomings highlight and reinforce many of the social, economic, political, and structural problems and conditions that ignited the Khmer Rouge violence nearly forty years ago.

Leakhena Nou, Associate Professor of sociology at California State University at Long Beach and executive director of the Applied Social Research Institute of Cambodia